Let’s look into the unique authority claims of the Church of the Firstborn, also often referred to by the term Ross LeBaron-ite. They claim authority through the Council of 50 in Nauvoo! This group represents an interesting fundamentalist branch because its line of authority is distinct from the majority of other fundamentalist groups, such as the FLDS and AUB, who primarily trace their authority through the Lorin Woolley story.

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Three Lines of Fundamentalist Authority

Most Mormon fundamentalists—around 80% to 90%—trace their priesthood origin story back to the Lorin Woolley story. This story holds that John Taylor received an 1886 revelation telling him that plural marriage was never to be taken from the earth, leading him to set apart men (including Woolley) to keep the practice alive separate from the church911.

The LeBarons, along with the Kingston group, represent authority claims that are separate from this dominant Woolley line. While the Kingstons claim a “new dispensation” or visitation by messengers to confer authority, the LeBarons trace their authority back to Benjamin F. Johnson and the Nauvoo era, which often sounds like “probably the most peculiar out of any fundamentalist claim.”

Peculiar Priesthood Claim: Nauvoo Roots & Council of 50

To understand the LeBaron claim, one must examine the “higher orders of priesthood” introduced by Joseph Smith during the Nauvoo period.

This higher authority was often referred to as the fullness of the priesthood or the highest order of the Melchizedek Priesthood, which entailed being ordained a king and a priest. This authority was conferred through temple ordinances administered to select close followers, initially in the Anointed Quorum (or Holy Order) and later related to the Council of 50.

Key points regarding this Nauvoo priesthood include:

• Authority Above the Church: Some interpretations of this higher priesthood held that it constituted an authority that “no tribunal in the church could control.” Heber C. Kimball noted that there were “more than 30 men who have got higher authority” than Sidney Rigdon, a member of the First Presidency.
• Independent Sealing Power: Joseph Smith’s brother, William Smith, claimed that because of his ordinations as a priest and king, he held “as many sealing keys as could possibly belong to Brigham Young.” This concept suggests that individuals with this “fullness” received the sealing power and could exercise it independent of the presiding keyholder, a view that contrasts with the one-man doctrine articulated by Brigham Young.
• The Council of 50: Joseph Smith organized this body shortly before his death. While often viewed as a political body, historical sources suggest it was intended to be a presiding priesthood/governmental body. Benjamin F. Johnson, the link in the LeBaron lineage, was one of the men added to the Council of 50 in March 1844.

From Johnson to LeBaron

The LeBaron authority is rooted in the claims of Benjamin F. Johnson, who was a close friend of Joseph Smith. Johnson claimed that Joseph taught him about plural marriage, endowments, garments, and the second anointing, and authorized him “to teach it to others when I’m led to when I’m led to do so.” Johnson emphasized in his later writings that he was the “last living original member of the Council of 50.”

Alma Dayer LeBaron Sr. (often called Dayer) was a grandson of Benjamin F. Johnson. The LeBaron family tradition claims that in the mid-1890s, Johnson gave Dayer a patriarchal blessing appointing him to be the birthright of Joseph Smith to hold a special family position. The family claims that Johnson charged Dayer to carry on the kingdom and conferred upon him all the priesthood authority that Johnson himself had received from Joseph Smith.

LeBaron Succession Crisis

Alma Dayer LeBaron Sr. spent most of his life in Mexico, trying to establish a colony and living plural marriage after being excommunicated from the LDS Church. He maintained a distinct priesthood claim but kept it secretive for much of his life.

Upon Dayer’s death (c. 1951), the LeBaron family faced a succession crisis, similar to the tension seen in the Nauvoo period or the contemporaneous split happening in the Woolley group.

Dayer had several sons who became prominent, notably:

Benjamin F. LeBaron (Ben): The oldest son, initially ordained by Dayer, began to suffer from mental episodes and claimed to be “the one mighty and strong.” Dayer’s hesitation about Ben’s mental state made him cautious about teaching the other children about his authority claim. Ross Wesley LeBaron (Ross): The second oldest son, who spent most of his life and ministry in Utah. Ross’s group is known as the Church of the Firstborn. Ross claimed that his father conferred upon him the keys and authority of the patriarchal order of priesthood in 1950, which Ross understood to be the keys restored by Moses, Elias, and Elijah. Ross was given a commission to carry on the patriarchal work, with the guidance that the “honor is in the work, not the title.” Joel LeBaron: A younger son who founded the Church of the Firstborn of the Fullness of Times in Mexico in 1955. After Dayer’s death, Joel (along with his younger brother Ervil) initially affiliated with the Woolley/AUB line before establishing his own church. Ervil LeBaron: Known for violence, murder, and having a “hit list”. He split off from Joel’s church in the 1970s and called his faction the Church of the Lamb of God. The violence associated with Ervil has attached significant stigma to the name LeBaron.

Because Alma Dayer LeBaron Sr. died without clearly appointing a successor, the LeBarons broke into different factions, each claiming the authority Dayer had passed down. Ross’s specific brand of LeBaronism focuses on the direct transfer of temple keys and the charge to continue the patriarchal work in Utah, separate from the tragedies and violence that plagued the Mexico-based groups.

What do you think of these claims?

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Copyright © 2025

Gospel Tangents

All Rights Reserved

Except for book reviews, no content may be reproduced without written permission