Canada Black Loyalists and American Revolutionary War have a very unique Black history connection. Our history dates before Harriet Tubman and her march to freedom. The underground railroad’s path to Canada is well known and documented. From 1820 to 1861, those seeking to find freedom would go north to Canada on the Underground Railroad’s secret network – a path helping those enslaved find freedom. 

Did you know, that more than 30 years before the underground railroad, Blacks immigrated to Canada. Here’s the story, where we learn more about the things we thought we already knew.

The American Revolution which started in 1775, was not just a war for American colony’s independence—it was also a fight for freedom for thousands of enslaved Blacks. Both the Patriots – the Americans and British – the Loyalists used enslaved people in their armies. It was the British who offered a path to freedom for those who were – loyal to the British military.  Many were able to escape their enslavers in Virginia, the Carolinas and Georgia, joining to support the British.  

With the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783, the war ended. And, now it was time for the British to hold true to their promise of freedom. New York was the last British held port and it became the place of gathering for those who had fought with the British. For more than 3000 British loyalist, both black and white, it was the location to get their names on an important ledger.  

There were two ledgers created, one for the Americans listing those who had escaped documenting their financial value and help with compensation for their loss. For the British, it was the list of those who would embark on a journey to a British held land…. The journey to freedom, to a new life, to a choice to be valued as human beings.  

This list became known as the Book of Negroes, listing if they were a slave or free, indentured servant, age, their enslaver, their work, also listed was their ship’s name, and the port they would enter in their new home – Nova Scotia. One settlement is Birchtown, the location where today you can visit the Black Loyalitst Heritage center where you’ll be immersed in the history, bravery, courage and fortitude of the Black Loyalist. The museum features exhibits the names and stories of thousands who escaped the bounds of slavery to freedom.

On our show, we talk with Andrea Davis, Executive Director of the Black Loyalist Heritage Center and a descendant of Black Loyalists about the history of those who sought freedom and their stories.

Take a listen. We think you’ll find this history fascinating and more about the things you thought you already knew. 

Ready to plan your trip to Nova Scotia?

Visit the Black Loyalist Heritage Center

Revolutionary War Museum 

More about the Revolutionary War and the museum in Yorktown.