Eps 38: CSS Positioning

Talking HTML

Eps 38: CSS Positioning

February 19, 2021

The position property specifies the type of positioning method used for an element.

There are five different position values: Static, Relative, Fixed, Absolute, Sticky

Properties: top, bottom, left, right, z-index, clip (Clips an absolutely positioned element)

Static

HTML elements are positioned static by default. Static positioned elements are not affected by the top, bottom, left, and right properties. An element with position: static; is not positioned in any special way; it is always positioned according to the normal flow of the page:

Relative

positioned relative to its normal position. Setting the top, right, bottom, and left properties of a relatively-positioned element will cause it to be adjusted away from its normal position. Other content will not be adjusted to fit into any gap left by the element.

Fixed

positioned relative to the viewport, which means it always stays in the same place even if the page is scrolled. The top, right, bottom, and left properties are used to position the element. A fixed element does not leave a gap in the page where it would normally have been located.

Absolute

positioned relative to the nearest positioned ancestor (instead of positioned relative to the viewport, like fixed). However; if an absolute positioned element has no positioned ancestors, it uses the document body, and moves along with page scrolling.

Sticky

positioned based on the user’s scroll position. A sticky element toggles between relative and fixed, depending on the scroll position. It is positioned relative until a given offset position is met in the viewport – then it “sticks” in place (like position:fixed).

Overlapping Elements

When elements are positioned, they can overlap other elements. The z-index property specifies the stack order of an element (which element should be placed in front of, or behind, the others). An element can have a positive or negative stack order. An element with greater stack order is always in front of an element with a lower stack order.

Note: If two positioned elements overlap without a z-index specified, the element positioned last in the HTML code will be shown on top.

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<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="screen.css">
</head>
<body>

<div id="box-1">
<h2>BOX 1</h2>
<div id="box-2">
<h2>BOX 2</h2>
<div id="box-3">
<h2>BOX 3</h2>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="box-4"></div>

</body>
</html>

/* CSS RESET https://dev.to/hankchizljaw/a-modern-css-reset-6p3 */
/* Box sizing rules */
*,*::before,*::after {
box-sizing: border-box;
}

/* Remove default padding */
ul[class],ol[class] {
padding: 0;
}

/* Remove default margin */
body,h1,h2,h3,h4,p,ul[class],ol[class],li,figure,figcaption,blockquote,dl,dd {
margin: 0;
}

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